Medical school essay
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Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Sex and the Sickbed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Sex and the Sickbed - Essay Example Demise is one such inclination that isn't handily managed by people under differential conditions. The story ââ¬ËSex and the Sickbedââ¬â¢ additionally makes reference to a similar belief system of an accomplice missing out to anotherââ¬â¢s sexual necessities and along these lines biting the dust rashly. This is an exceptionally heartbreaking act which has occurred for all an inappropriate reasons, most definitely. The story is in this way a portrayal of how an individual addresses the most critical difficulties of his life. This has been expressed inside the story itself where Jennifer needed to experience torment in light of the fact that Neil had kicked the bucket and along these lines she had lost her as an accomplice. What Jennifer missed about Neil the most was that they would not have the option to make the most of their sexual coexistence later on which was a wellspring of joy for them two. Be that as it may, this won't do the trick in the coming occasions as death ha s won for the couple and they have gone separate ways through regular methods. The case with human life is the same. One of the most disadvantageous parts of human life is that it needs to reach a conclusion startlingly. This has been demonstrated with the appearance of time as individuals bite the dust once in a while, and thus their lives get done with others having dear expectations from them. There is a critical need to discover how these difficulties can be tended to with the evolving times (Rosenthal, 2009, 61). This is on the grounds that the difficulties change and subsequently the prerequisites modify also. Be that as it may, demise is one huge imprint that leaves a great deal to be wanted of most definitely. One must understand the genuine significance of death before remarking on it, and all the more so inside the narrative of ââ¬Å"Sex and the Sickbedâ⬠. The story gives a genuine image of how Jennifer would need to manage Neilââ¬â¢s inauspicious passing and what the outcomes would be in the long range plan of things. Neil left a permanent blemish on the psyche of Jennifer who can't manage it and thinks about the sexual coexistence that they shared. With this, one effectively sees that it is so convoluted to manage with lifeââ¬â¢s fluctuated buildings and difficulties that come about sometimes. Organizing them as the most significant among the few ones is an exhausting errand, and all the more so when the conversation is fixated on the story ââ¬Å"Sex and the Sickbedâ⬠. This is on the grounds that for Jennifer, Neilââ¬â¢s passing is something that comes out as a genuine and grave issue which will stay with her total until the time she is alive. In addition to the fact that she is missing Neil, she would need to miss the sexual coexistence that they shared too. These are troubling occasions for Jennifer and she should grapple with the equivalent, the sooner the better for her own self (Author Unknown, 2007). The difficulties cont inue expanding as the duty increments upon oneââ¬â¢s own self. Be that as it may, there are various ramifications for the individuals under changed conditions as has been demonstrated valid in the story ââ¬Å"Sex and the Sickbedâ⬠itself. Along these lines what is required currently is a perceptual change in understanding that things should be understood well before they are viewed as being troublesome or complex in sum. This will comprehend various issues and concerns which have been making advances not too far off, and all the more so inside the lives of the individuals in the occasions a lot of like today. At long last, it is sound to express that the story gets the job done perfectly. This is on the grounds that individuals feel that the most intricate issues could be discovered if just the gravity of the mess is discovered. This happens through a comprehension about the highlights which hurt the most and which will make commotion for all an inappropriate reasons. The s tory is likewise critical to the extent appreciating how the issues could be handled, if and just if there is an aggregate comprehension to realize goals for holiness in this world. All
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Illiad Essays - Trojans, Mythological Kings, Ajax, Suicide
The Illiad The Illiad is a story that manages a little piece of the Trojan War. The reason for this war is when Paris, the ruler of Troy, cruised to Sparta, allured and kidnapped Helen and came back to Troy. When Menelaos found that his better half was gone, he assembled various Greek officers to go with him, vanquish Troy, and recover his significant other. In any case, the Illiad just covers a couple of months during the tenth year of the war. In this time, numerous significant occasions occurred that could have changed the result of this noteworthy occasion? Two delightful ladies whom were adversaries of the Achaians are caught during one of the numerous assaults the military had on Troy. One of the ladies, named Chryseis is the prize for Ahomemnon (the lord and officer in ?head of the Achaians). Be that as it may, Chryseis' dad, Chryses needs his little girl back. Chryses whom was the cleric God of Apollo, is planning to go to the Achaian camp and guarantee his girl. Tragically, this arrangement didn't work out. Also, along these lines, Chryses goes to Apollo for help. Apollo did in certainty help the elderly person by spreading a lethal plague through the Achaian armed force, murdering many them. Following quite a while of this, the Achaian's most regarded fighter, Achilles assembles a conference to decide the reason for the plague. A diviner of the Achaians confirms that King Agamemnon's presumption caused the plague by not restoring the lady whom was caught to be his war prize. In the wake of discovering this out, the lady is returne d however Agamemnon takes Briseis whom was the prize caught for Achilles. Achilles is irate and freely offended so accordingly he won't battle for the Achaians and withdrawals his soldiers. He at that point solicitations to his mom Thetis (an ocean fairy) to impact Zeus to enable the Trojans to overcome the Achaians. The pioneer of the Gods guarantees Thetis that he will help. Zeus sends a fantasy to Agomemnon that has him persuaded he will crush the Trojans in fight the following day. With the request from Agomemnon, the military sets itself up for assault. The Trojans and Achaians draw towards one another and Paris moves one of the Achaians to a one on one battle. The challenger of this is Menelaos. The champ will win Helen and the two sides will concede to a bargain of harmony. During the duel, Menelaos wounds Paris and starts hauling him to the Achaian's domain when out of nowhere, Aphrodite shows up and saves him. Agamemnon declares to his military that they have won and requests that Helen is offered back to them. Goddesses Hera and Athena need a total annihilation of Troy and they inquire as to whether no ceasefire were made. Zeus, thus yields and awards them their desire. Therefore, the battling before long continues. As an approach to begin the war once more, Athena looks for Pandaros, a Trojan head and instructs him to murder Menelaos. Being the sort of individual Pandaros is, he finishes her recommendation. In any case, rather than executing Menelaos, he just injuries him. The Achaians are stunned that the Trojans would do this being the détente is still all together. While Menelaos is being dealt with, other Trojan warriors' get into fight request. In any case, Agamemnon arranges his Achaian troops to get ready to battle and this starts the war (once more). The fight proceeds with much brutality and numerous men are slaughtered. When Diomedes is injured by Pandoros, he goes to Athena for help. Athena gives the Achaian warrior boldness, which encourages him to drive the Trojans back and murder Pondoros. Diomedes wounds Aeneas yet doesn't slaughter the Trojan aristocrat since his mom Aphrodite salvages him. Ares, the lord of war gets included on the Trojan's side by aiding Heckor (sovereign of the Trojans) order his powers. From the outset this arrangement works however then the Achaians get quality from Hera and Athena. The Achaians are getting more grounded by driving the Trojans back. Be that as it may, the Trojans are debilitating subsequently causing Hektor to come back to Troy. He tells the sovereign and the other imperial ladies to cause a contribution of Athena in the sanctuary in would like to get her to dial her fierceness down of the Trojans.
Monday, August 10, 2020
Fresh Ink August 5, 2014
Fresh Ink August 5, 2014 HARDCOVER RELEASES The Girl From the Well by Rin Chupeco (Sourcebooks Fire) The Ring meets The Exorcist in this haunting story about an American boy whose last hope for protection lies with a vengeful ghost Okiku wants vengeanceand she gets it. Whenever theres a monster hurting a child-the same way she was hurt 300 years ago in Japan-her spirit is there to deliver punishment. But one American boy draws her like no other. The two are pulled into a world of eerie doll rituals and dark Shinto exorcisms that will take them from the American Midwest to the remote valleys and shrines of Aomori, Japan. The boy is not a monster, but something evil writhes beneath his skin, trapped by a series of intricate tattoos. Can Okiku protect him? Or is her presence only bringing more harm? The Scatter Here Is Too Great by Bilal Tanweer (Harper) A vivid and intricate novel-in-stories, The Scatter Here Is Too Great explores the complicated lives of ordinary people whose fates unexpectedly converge after a deadly bomb blast at the Karachi train station: an old communist poet; his wealthy, middle-aged son; a young man caught in an unpleasant, dead-end job; a girl who spins engaging tales to conceal her heartbreak; and a grief-stricken writer, who struggles to make sense of this devastating tragedy. Bilal Tanweer reveals the pain, loneliness, and longing of these characters and celebrates the power of the written word to heal lives and communities plagued by violence. Elegantly weaving together different voices into a striking portrait of a city and its people, The Scatter Here Is Too Great is a tale as vibrant and varied in its characters, passions, and idiosyncrasies as the city itself. The Magicians Land by Lev Grossman (Viking Adult) Quentin Coldwater has been cast out of Fillory, the secret magical land of his childhood dreams. With nothing left to lose he returns to where his story began, the Brakebills Preparatory College of Magic. But he canât hide from his past, and itâs not long before it comes looking for him. Along with Plum, a brilliant young undergraduate with a dark secret of her own, Quentin sets out on a crooked path through a magical demimonde of gray magic and desperate characters. But all roads lead back to Fillory, and his new life takes him to old haunts, like Antarctica, and to buried secrets and old friends he thought were lost forever. He uncovers the key to a sorcery masterwork, a spell that could create magical utopia, a new Filloryâ"but casting it will set in motion a chain of events that will bring Earth and Fillory crashing together. To save them he will have to risk sacrificing everything. Of Metal and Wishes by Sarah Fine (Margaret K. McElderry Books) Sixteen-year-old Wen assists her father in his medical clinic, housed in a slaughterhouse staffed by the Noor, men hired as cheap factory labor. Wen often hears the whisper of a ghost in the slaughterhouse, a ghost who grants wishes to those who need them most. And after one of the Noor humiliates Wen, the ghost grants an impulsive wish of hersâ"brutally.Guilt-ridden, Wen befriends the Noor, including the outspoken leader, a young man named Melik. At the same time, she is lured by the mystery of the ghost. As deadly accidents fuel tensions within the factory, Wen is torn between her growing feelings for Melik, who is enraged at the sadistic factory bosses and the prejudice faced by his people at the hand of Wenâs, and her need to appease the ghost, who is determined to protect her against any threatâ"real or imagined. Will she determine whom to trust before the factory explodes, taking her down with it? Whiskey Tango Foxtrot by David Shafer (Mulholland Books) The Committee, an international cabal of industrialists and media barons, is on the verge of privatizing all information. Dear Diary, an idealistic online Underground, stands in the way of that takeover, using radical politics, classic spycraft, and technology that makes Big Data look like dial-up. Into this secret battle stumbles an unlikely trio: Leila Majnoun, a disillusioned non-profit worker; Leo Crane, an unhinged trustafarian; and Mark Deveraux, a phony self-betterment guru who works for the Committee. Leo and Mark were best friends in college, but early adulthood has set them on diverging paths. Growing increasingly disdainful of Marks platitudes, Leo publishes a withering takedown of his ideas online. But the Committee is readingand erasingLeos words. On the other side of the world, Leilas discoveries about the Committees far-reaching ambitions threaten to ruin those who are closest to her. In the spirit of William Gibson and Chuck Palahniuk, Whiskey Tango Foxtrot is both a suspenseful global thriller and an emotionally truthful novel about the struggle to change the world in- and outside your head. PAPERBACK RELEASES Bad Feminist by Roxane Gay (Harper Perennial) A collection of essays spanning politics, criticism, and feminism from one of the most-watched young cultural observers of her generation, Roxane Gay. âPink is my favorite color. I used to say my favorite color was black to be cool, but it is pinkâ"all shades of pink. If I have an accessory, it is probably pink. I read Vogue, and Iâm not doing it ironically, though it might seem that way. I once live-tweeted the September issue.â In these funny and insightful essays, Roxane Gay takes us through the journey of her evolution as a woman (Sweet Valley High) of color (The Help) while also taking readers on a ride through culture of the last few years (Girls, Django in Chains) and commenting on the state of feminism today (abortion, Chris Brown). The portrait that emerges is not only one of an incredibly insightful woman continually growing to understand herself and our society, but also one of our culture. Bad Feminist is a sharp, funny, and spot-on look at the ways in which the culture we consume becomes who we are, and an inspiring call-to-arms of all the ways we still need to do better. Summer and Bird by Katherine Catmull (Puffin) An enchantingand twistedtale of two sisters quest to find their parents When their parents disappear in the middle of the night, young sisters Summer and Bird set off on a quest to find them. A cryptic picture message from their mother leads them to a familiar gate in the woods, but comfortable sights quickly give way to a new world entirelyDownone inhabited by talking birds and the evil Puppeteer queen. Summer and Bird are quickly separated, and their divided hearts lead them each in a very different direction in the quest to find their parents, vanquish the Puppeteer, lead the birds back to their Green Home, and discover the identity of the true bird queen. With breathtaking language and deliciously inventive details, Katherine Catmull has created a world unlike any other, skillfully blurring the lines between magic and reality and bringing to life a completely authentic cast of characters and creatures. The Good Lord Bird by James McBride (Riverhead Trade) Winner of the 2013 National Book Award for Fiction. Henry Shackleford is a young slave living in the Kansas Territory in 1857, when the region is a battleground between anti- and pro-slavery forces. When John Brown, the legendary abolitionist, arrives in the area, an argument between Brown and Henryâs master quickly turns violent. Henry is forced to leave townâ"with Brown, who believes heâs a girl.Over the ensuing months, Henryâ"whom Brown nicknames Little Onionâ"conceals his true identity as he struggles to stay alive. Eventually Little Onion finds himself with Brown at the historic raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859â"one of the great catalysts for the Civil War.An absorbing mixture of history and imagination, and told with McBrideâs meticulous eye for detail and character, The Good Lord Bird is both a rousing adventure and a moving exploration of identity and survival. Black Widow, Volume 1: The Finely Woven Thread (Marvel) Youve seen Black Widow as an Avenger and even an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. But on her own time she searches for atonement for her past as a KGB assassin in ways of which those teams just wouldnt approve. The Black Widow goes undercover in Russia, but from its cold streets, the Hand of God reaches out to crush herand it is as merciless as its name implies. Outmatched by the brute force of a powerful new villain, Natasha faces her deadliest test, and discovers a deadly plot unfolding that spans the entire globe. From the Marvel Universes darkest corners, Nathan Edmonson (Who is Jake Ellis?) and Phil Noto (Thunderbolts, X-23) bring you a new series as gorgeous and mysterious as Natasha Romanov herself!COLLECTING: Black Widow 1-6, All-New Marvel Now! Point One Lead Me Not by A. Meredith Walters (Gallery Books) Aubrey Duncan understands loss. She knows what rock bottom looks like, and she is determined to crawl back up to the top after the sudden death of her younger sister. She blames herself for her part in the tragedy, convinced that she could have done something, anything, to help her.In her effort to gain redemption, Aubrey starts fresh at Longwood University and facilitates an addiction support group, hoping she can support someone else in the way she failed her sister. But what she doesnât count on is an all-consuming fascination with group member Maxx Demelo, a gorgeous, blond, blue-eyed enigma who hides dark secrets behind a carefully constructed mask. He only reveals what he wants others to see. But Aubrey glimpses another Maxx hidden below the surfaceâ"a Maxx who is drowning in his own personal hell.As Aubrey and Maxx develop an attraction too intense to ignore, he pulls her into the dark underbelly of the city club scene, where she is torn by her desire to save him and an i nexplicable urge to join him in his downward spiral. Worst of all, she is beginning to love everything she should run away fromâ"a man who threatens to ignite in her a fire that could burn her alive⦠____________________ Expand your literary horizons with New Books!, a weekly newsletter spotlighting 3-5 exciting new releases, hand-picked by our very own Liberty Hardy. Sign up now!
Saturday, May 23, 2020
America s First Serial Killer - 1347 Words
H.H. Holmes, born in 1861 as Herman Webster Mudgett, was an extremely notable con man, fraud and murderer. More popularly known as Americaââ¬â¢s first serial killer, Holmes had a vast and varying criminal record. For instance, his criminal record ranged from forging checks and life insurance claims, to killing off entire families in his ââ¬Å"murderâ⬠hotel. The one most identifiable pattern to his offenses resides in his economic struggle. As seen in a documentary directed by John Borowski, most of the individuals that Holmes killed were sold off, illegally, as cadavers to his former medical school (Borowski, H.H. Holmes: Americaââ¬â¢s First Serial Killer). In addition, most of his other scams also revolved around obtaining more money. Such as his lifeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Holmes: Americaââ¬â¢s First Serial Killer). Holmes decided to invest in a small barbershop in which he could later build above and design his own hotel. Holmes designed this hotel with one goal in mind, killing his guests. According to Darcia Helle, in her blog titled The Monstrous H.H. Holmes and His Murder Castle Inc., throughout the construction of his hotel, Holmes formed a relationship with the carpenter, Benjamin Pitezel. Together, Pitezel and Holmes came up with an interesting life insurance scam. While it seemed to work out, Holmes eventually turned on his partner and killed Benjamin Pitezel. Following his criminal pattern, he took out a life insurance policy on Pitezel prior to his death. Due to the insurance companies increased suspicion, a detective was hired to look up who had taken out the insurance money, and this is where Holmes is first found and caught. At first, Holmes was only charged with life insurance fraud. The police did not yet know the extent of his criminal record. However, according to the online article by the National Museum of Crime Punishment, when Holmes was arrested he appeared as if he was ready to flee the country, which furthermore increased the suspicion of police (H.H. Holmes, 2015). This increased suspicion led to the search of Holmesââ¬â¢ Chicago home and the realization that Holmes was more than just an insurance fraud. Historical Background: For a serial murderer with upwards of
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
The Code of Ethics and Evaluation - 717 Words
Elizabeth Thomas Business Ethics February 17, 2015 Professor Mari Hadley Summary and Discussion The author provides an overview of the case of Bernard ââ¬Å"Bernieâ⬠Madoff, a businessman and investment manager who is believed to have stolen as much as $65 billion from his investors (Stanwick Stanwick, 2014). Bernie Madoff was operating not only the largest Ponzi scheme in history, but is also believed to have perpetrated the largest financial fraud in history. His network of investors included many prominent people from the financial world as well as the social elite. Madoffââ¬â¢s criminal career came to an end in 2008 when the recession developed. His supply of available funds began to diminish, and he was no longer able to pay hisâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Question 2: Ponzi Schemes Madoff was operating what is commonly called a ââ¬Å"Ponzi scheme,â⬠named after a fraudulent investment plan devised by Charles Ponzi a century earlier (Stanwick Stanwick, 2014). A Ponzi scheme involves the taking of money from investors on the promise of a higher than normal return on the investment. However, the money that is collected from investors in never actually invested into any legitimate businesses or financial operations. Instead, the money that is collected from new investors is used to pay previous investors. Both Bernie Madoff and Allen Stanford were investment managers who engaged in multi-billion dollar Ponzi schemes in recent times (Tolson Schiller, 2009). Question 3: The Impact on Madoffââ¬â¢s Family and Friends It is true that Madoffââ¬â¢s two sons reported him to the authorities upon his announcement to them that his entire financial empire was a Ponzi scheme (Stanwick Stanwick, 2014). However, the question remains concerning to what degree they were entirely ignorant of their fatherââ¬â¢s activities. Is it possible that two grown men with considerable business experience could have worked with their father on a daily basis and remained unaware of his criminal behavior? It is possible though not very probable. It may be that the sons turned onShow MoreRelatedEvaluation of a Business Code of Ethics1271 Words à |à 6 PagesEvaluation of a Business Code of Ethics, The Hersheyââ¬â¢s Company PHL/323 Mission Statement Hersheyââ¬â¢s Mission Statement noted here, (Social- Responsibility/Marketplace) ââ¬Å"Bringing sweet moments of Hershey happiness to the world every day,â⬠Provides the focusRead MoreEvaluation of a Business Code of Ethics Essay1369 Words à |à 6 PagesFirst Energy and the Business Code of Ethics PHL/323 March 7, 2011 First Energy and the Business Code of Ethics First Energy prides itself on the ethical standards it has created. These standards are the basis that builds upon the trust between customers, shareholders, employees, and the surrounding communities. First Energy encompasses more than five states and supplies millions of customers. As a service company, First Energy expects its employees to adhere to a workplace free of harassmentRead MoreEstablishing a Code of Ethics: Planning Implementation and Evaluation Strategies within a Company1472 Words à |à 6 Pagesestablishing a code of ethics, its planning, and implementation and evaluation strategies within a company. After brainstorming about the ethical values for the company it will be easier for the company to support non-profit organization as much as possible. A-Develop an appropriate standards and procedures section, such as a code of ethics. 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Under Multiple Relationships which both covered by APA code of ethics sub-category 3.05 and Specialty Guidelines code 4.02; that he should have refrain from entering into multiple relationsh ip if it could reasonably be expectedRead MoreIt301 Unit 9 Project Kaplan989 Words à |à 4 PagesUnit 9 Project Part 1: Vendor Evaluation BenchmarkVendor Evaluation Benchmark | | | Dell | HP | Acer | Toshiba | Asus | Evaluation Criteria | Weight | Raw score | Weighted Score | Raw score | Weighted Score | Raw score | Weighted Score | Raw score | Weighted Score | Raw score | Weighted Score | Product Quality | 4 | 5 | 20 | 4 | 16 | 3 | 12 | 4 | 16 | 5 | 20 | Product Capabilities | 5 | 4 | 20 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 15 | 5 | 25 | Business Experience | 3 | 5 | 15 | 5 | 15 | 2 | 6Read MoreHr Functions and Organizational Ethics1261 Words à |à 6 PagesHR Functions and Organizational Ethics HRM/427 Dr. Donovan Lawrence September 5, 2010 Human Resources professionals are responsible for several roles in the workplace, including implementing and managing policies, recruiting and retention, and training and development. The HR department is responsible for making sure that organizations conduct business ethically and that shareholders are treated ethically. The HR department must be able to monitor compliance with federal and stateRead MoreCode of Ethics Essay1288 Words à |à 6 PagesCode of Ethics Comparison Paper Melissa J. Diehl Liberty University September 2, 2012 Abstract Different organizations are driven by specific sets of code of ethics, which are used to protect many different aspect of the organizations, specifically the client, counselor, and organization. Concerning the standards of a counselor, their ethics are not only provided by the laws of the state or theirRead MoreOrganizational Ethics934 Words à |à 4 PagesWeek Three Managerial Ethics â⬠¢ Identify typical ethical problems of managers. â⬠¢ Recognize differences in ethical behavior and responsibility between an employee and a manager. Course Assignments 4. Readings â⬠¢ Read Ch. 6 7 of Managing Business Ethics. â⬠¢ Read this weekââ¬â¢s Electronic Reserve Readings. 5. Learning Team Instructions â⬠¢ Begin preparing for the Ethics in the Workplace Case Study Action Plan Presentation due in Week Five by reading one of the following case studiesRead MoreWhy Ethics Are Important to Auditors1355 Words à |à 6 PagesA qualified person, who inspects the accounting records and the practices of an organization, is the basic definition of a Company Auditor. In financial accounting, an audit is categorized by the self-governing evaluation of the justice by which a companys financial statements are presented and prepared by and to its supervisor. This task is largely performed by the trained, experienced, self-governed and intent persons, known as accountants or auditors. Auditors are on the whole very informed
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Harvard Referencing Guide Free Essays
Harvard System Referencing Guide 1. INTRODUCTION This guide sets out the Harvard system of referencing to be used in the Thesis and other major essays submitted as part of the course taught through out the MBA program. It is important to reference published material that you wish to use in your essay. We will write a custom essay sample on Harvard Referencing Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now While referencing is a standard that is used to avoid plagiarism it also supports a strong scientific method. To build arguments and provide evidence you must reference any published resources you use. The spirit of referencing is embodied in Newtonââ¬â¢s famous 1676 quote, ââ¬ËIf I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giantsââ¬â¢. It means that Newtonââ¬â¢s great discoveries were made by building on the previous work of scientists. This reference guide sets out how to reference other authorsââ¬â¢ work properly. For each type of material you are referencing (e. g. books, journal articles, newspapers, internet sites), this guide presents two parts, how to write the reference in the text of your essay and how to write the full reference at the end of the essay. The section at the end of the essay should be called a reference section and only include those references cited in the essay. For the purposes of this guide these two sections will be called in-text referencing and the reference list format. A note on paraphrasing and quoting: Quotes are direct transcriptions of text from other sources while paraphrasing uses your own words to express othersââ¬â¢ ideas. You should attempt to paraphrase where possible and only use quotes sparingly and strategically. Both paraphrasing and quoting require referencing, and quotes must refer to the page number from which they were taken (see Books). 2. GENERIC FORMAT The Harvard system has a generic format for in-text referencing and the reference list. While this guide provides a range of examples for books, articles, Internet sources etc, the generic format below should be used where adaptation is necessary. In-text (Author, year) or Author (year) e. g. Sillince (1996) or (Sillince, 1999) Reference List Books Author, (Year) Title. Place Published: Publisher. e. g. Sillince, J. A. A. (1996) Business Expert Systems. Hitchin: Technical Publications. Articles Author, (Year) ââ¬ËArticle titleââ¬â¢. Journal Title, volume (number): pages. e. g. Sillince, J. A. A. (1999) ââ¬ËThe role of political language forms and language coherence in the organizational change processââ¬â¢. Organization Studies, 20 (3): 485-518. 3. BOOKS The following exemplifies several in-text references for books with one, two, more than two authors, and authors cited by another author. When citing more than two authors, list all authorsââ¬â¢ surnames the first time, then use et al. (see example). Note the different formats for the in-text referencing of paraphrasing and quotes (with page number) and the complete references in the reference list. In-Text One Author The development of bureaucratization in the UK was fundamentally different from that of the US. The Taylorist efficiency movement occurred in the US during an expansionary period while the same movement occurred in the UK during one of the worst ever recessions (Littler, 1982). Littler (1982) concludes that for these reasons the labor movements in the UK are fundamentally different from those in the US. These differences in capitalist development had important consequences, ââ¬ËThis affected the pattern of resistance, and British capitalism still carries the scars of this historical conjunctureââ¬â¢ (Littler, 1982: 195). Two Authors Managerial skills are a key focus for Whetton and Cameronââ¬â¢s (1991) introductory text. How to cite Harvard Referencing Guide, Papers
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Curriculum Development for Inclusive Practice free essay sample
Curriculum Development for inclusive practice Curriculum is defined as the following; a specific blueprint for learning that is derived from content and performance standards. Curriculum takes content and shapes it into a plan for effective teaching and learning. Thus, curriculum is more than a general framework, it is a specific plan with identified lessons in an appropriate form and sequence for directing teaching (Wiggins and McTighe, 1998). The word ââ¬Ëcurriculum is actually a Latin word for ââ¬Ëracecourse. Curriculum is the activities that learners will undertake to achieve their learning goals. The planning, learners experience and order in which it occurs are all part of the curriculum. There are a huge and vast amount of elements that help shape a curriculum. There are many different methods and approaches to the design and implementation of curriculum and a lot is dependant on the teachers approach of it. In the world of training, the curriculum can designed around the objectives of the clients specifications. In ones view, Inclusivity should not be believed as a natural outcome from students when entering a learning environment as barriers may be present that may alter the curriculum as it moves with the students. Curriculum was described by John Kerr and quoted by Kelly (2002 p. 12) all the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside the schoolââ¬â¢. The idea of curriculum is not exactly a new one; the word itself has its roots in ancient Greek and Latin. But the way it is understood and the way that it has been theorised has altered over the years. Lecturers and professors have all contributed to defining and explaining the curriculum in a series of models that can be used to stipulate in advance what exactly we are looking to achieve and how we are to achieve it, in other words learning is planned and guided. Four main approaches or models to curriculum theory and practice are syllabus, product, process, and praxis. Curriculum as a syllabus, that is to be transmitted, is concerned only with content; it is designed for the student to gain various information and to enable them to pass an examination, for example a Diploma in Bricklaying. Syllabus with its own history is devised from Greek and Latin origins, meaning to put a plan in to action. I believe it as a body of knowledge to be transmitted or delivered to the students in the best and most effective way. Curriculum as a product is concerned with specific outcomes. Objectives are set, lesson plans are devised and applied, and the outcomes or ââ¬Ëproductsââ¬â¢ are measured by the success rate of session outcomes and student contribution to achieving the outcome. Curriculum as a Process can be described as not a physical outcome but rather the interaction of the author and students, and how effectively knowledge and learning is actually taking place. With each student growing more self aware and confident of applying themselves to the session whether it may be individual or group activities. Lawrence Stenhouse (1975) produced one of the best-known explorations of a process model of curriculum theory and practice. He defined curriculum tentatively: A curriculum is an attempt to communicate the essential principles and features of an educational proposal in such a form that it is open to critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice. http://cnx. org/content/m13293/latest/ Curriculum as a praxis can also be defined as practice which is explained as not focusing exclusively on individuals alone or even the group, but a more careful attention to the way in which individuals or a group create understandings and demonstrate their opinions. Such as in sessions that highlight possible experiences or different cultural and racial groups in society, this can play its part in helping students of differentiation come together and challenge opinions, debate, learn, adapt and grow within the teaching and learning cycle. As only very recently being made aware of the term Hidden Curriculum the author was very keen to learn more of what the term or special significance it held in the learning environment. In college sessions I was introduced to a new term and learned the nature of the teacher-student relationship (respect), the organisation of classes, tracking, and so on are known as the hidden curriculum. The learning associated with the hidden curriculum is smuggled in and serves as additional learning from the studentââ¬â¢s, the best part is I didnââ¬â¢t even know I was doing it! Hence the term Hidden, the hidden curriculum is all of lifeââ¬â¢s little associates such as respect, team work, communicating and many more that was not highlighted in my Scheme Of Worksà but was being carried out by the student. As an action to ones way of teaching and learning I now intend to adapt my Scheme Of Works to show all or at very least parts of these hidden outcomes, not to pile more work on the student but as an additional learning tool. However in order to do this I must evaluate every session strategically in order to pin point the exact time all the hidden curriculum takes place so I can then implement them into the scheme of works, this will also be an addition to the authors own Individual Learning Plan (I.L. P). Raised opinions by others say by focusing on the initial stages of a student entering a course it is possible to identify aspects of the curriculum that might prevent some students from achieving. So to assist those, in ones routine the development of strategies are key to removing or reducing potential barriers in the content or delivery of the curriculum, it is important not to make assumptions about the abilities or requirements of students. Such as, do not assume that a blind student will require all information in Braille, or that a student with dyslexia will need all handouts on a different coloured paper. Although it is a natural instinct of tutors and the author to be anticipatory in overall development of the curriculum, it is necessary to carry out initial diagnostics and hold one to one talks with individual students to determine what strategies work for them and to ensure that their needs are being in an appropriate manner, fully met. The range in own studentsââ¬â¢ previous academic experiences means that there is a need to be more explicit about academic practices and processes in the delivery of the curriculum. I clearly describe what is expected by students, for example, explaining how an essay should be structured or in own relations emphasise on how an aim or practical synoptic requires full commitment and a positive demonstration. When students with previous academic experiences enroll onto a courses it is also sometimes necessary to stretch and challenge the individual in order to help them move higher within the hierarchy, such as an assignment may require the student to explain a certain topic unit or learning outcome, negotiate with the student that due to their previous learning capabilities that a more challenging way would be needed, as I have, requested students to plan, demonstrate, devise risk assessments and method statements and self assess the topic unit or learning outcome. There are a variety of methods that the author has adopted and implemented into my Scheme Of Works in order to include not just the more able students but the weaker students also, thus ensuring each student is included without being restricted due to the many factors that a student may possess, such as learning difficulties, disabilities, impairments or because of ethnic, race and religious beliefs, In order to build and enhance inclusivity skills in teaching and learning as a teacher I am encouraged to assess own planning, delivery and success via ââ¬Ëcritical reflectionââ¬â¢. Critical reflection occurs when we analyse and challenge the validity of our planned sessions and assess the appropriateness of our knowledge, understanding and beliefs given our present contexts and how we include not just all students but oneââ¬â¢s self into the session or possible tutor support in a positive way. Mezirow (1990 p. 177). an adaption of Brookfield (1990) explains that critical reflection involves three phases. Identifying the assumptions (ââ¬Å"those taken-for-granted ideas, commonsense beliefs, and self evident rules of thumbâ⬠that underlie our thoughts and actions. 2. Assessing and scrutinizing the validity of these assumptions in terms of how they relate to our ââ¬Ëreal-lifeââ¬â¢ experiences and our present context(s). 3. Transforming these assumptions to become more inclusive and integrative, and using this newly-formed knowledge to more appropriately inform our future actions and practices. As a trainer who works with a very different mix of students such as age and disabilities it is important that all students are made to feel welcome and can express themselves in a constructive way, Some students are content with carrying out the course in the simplest form there is in order to achieve and progress, however other students require a more structured and challenged route that covers all angles of the course and leaves no stone unturned. The key is to blend each studentââ¬â¢s requirements together in order to be delivered as a whole as some students may wish to develop skills of critical thinking, as a certain number of my students challenge what is said or criticising and debating, but this may be an unfamiliar approach to some students who may feel that such discourse is uncomfortable or impossible to achieve. As i make it clear that students can achieve, and why a specific approach is being used, does help to ensure that all students can flow at their own pace, as well as, adapting or learning new skills in order to achieve their chosen programme, may it be Levels: 1, 2 or 3 and age of students being of very different nature. There are many factors that can affect access to the curriculum and the actual design of the curriculum. In my subject area of Bricklaying we operate a ââ¬Ëroll on roll offââ¬â¢ programme, meaning this Monday five new students may enter their chosen diploma level and be of very different age brackets and of very different capabilities and next Monday another different number of students starting with again their individual needs that must be addressed. The ââ¬Ëroll on roll offââ¬â¢ is then ongoing throughout the year with each student having their own, start, middle and end to the programme and requires that the curriculum is followed. In ones position, in order to ensure the curriculum is followed and ensuring students are aware of their own position within the curriculum, students are introduced to the course standards as quickly as possible in order to prevent confusion on what is required in order to complete the programme. The method or route taken does improve and in some cases create self confidence and motivation within a student, as they can clearly view what they have achieved and what is left to do. A way in which this can be achieved is known as The Spiral Curriculum. Neary (2002 p. 104) in a linear approach to the presentation of curriculum content different topics are presented sequentially according to psychological or logical requirements. An alternative approach is that which is sometimes described as a spiral curriculum. As the author has only recently been introduced to the Spiral Curriculum as part of research into this assignment I have adapted the concept idea and transformed it to suit my own student preferences and help them relate the course they are on in a simpler context. Based on the spiral design this allows my own studentââ¬â¢s to be very much involved in their learning journey and can draw out self developmental skills, thus allowing the student to contribute more efficiently without possible discrimination from other students. Spiral curriculum can also be discussed as the whole range of concepts being studied, and as a result students learn about all aspects of their chosenà qualification or course, creating a more sense of ownership of how they are going to achieve their overall goal. See Appendix 1 for ones version of the Spiral Curriculum: Stenhouse (1975 p. 24) A curriculum is an attempt to communicate the essential principles and features of an educational proposal in such a form that it is open to critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice. Ones version of the Spiral Curriculum has only recently been developed by the author and was originally developed by Mary Neary 2002. Although Mary portrays the curriculum differently to ones view I was able to adapt the concept idea and relate the message across own student activity in a way that, the difference between students now and how they were progressing before the introduction of the Pyramid (Spiral) Curriculum has been instrumental to my students way of learning and development. Students visually see their current standings in the course and what is the next chapter of their learning journey. When considering diversity and inclusion in education it is often tempting to consider the areas that are covered only by legislation, such as: race, disability, sexual orientation, religion, belief, age and gender. However, students have multiple identities and all students have aspects of their personal lives that will impact upon the classroom context (such as having to act as a carer for a relative or partner, having to work extra hours to earn additional money or have children and family commitments). An inclusive curriculum not only addresses groups of students who are covered by legislation, but also allows flexibility to accommodate issues that can potentially be faced by a much larger group of students. It has been said that good practice for inclusivity of students is good practice for allââ¬â¢ and by focusing on addressing the entitlements of all students with a range of impairments or obstacles may also benefit the wider student community. Ways in which inclusivity can be achieved can come in many forms such as small groups debate a particular unit that they are learning and peer teach back to other groups by presentations, role playing or possibly in the form of a game in order to highlight certain contexts of the unit. Although it isà not always as simple as it sounds there will be students who may not wish to take part in the exercise due to many different reasons, so it is important methods of inclusion are implemented accordingly such as, handouts or the way in which the activity is carried out as some students may be of different nationality, certain handouts or activities can be in a different language content in order to include each type of student, students with a disability does not mean they cannot take part in the same course as others, which is why I believe in accommodating the students and treat all as equal to those with an impairment or barrier as to those who may not have any barriers that prevent them from succeeding. I currently have a student that suffers with mental health issues and finds it difficult to carry out certain activities in heââ¬â¢s day to day learning and living, so the student and myself made arrangements that will help reduce heââ¬â¢s issues but still ensuring that the student was included in all activities that are carried out by the whole student group. Also in my own teaching practice I make students aware of the differentiation of other students within the group which does have its strong points as all students are then respectful of each other and work together in order to succeed as a group and as an individual. When planning and adapting the curriculum accordingly certain strategies and various methods of teaching need to be implemented in order to develop student knowledge and embed mastery and developmental skills in order to include every student and ensure that all studentââ¬â¢s can achieve as well as challenging the more able learner with higher developmental tasks. My methods of teaching can come in a wide form by the use of videos, handouts, diagrams and many more, the role of myself as the teacher is to use as many methods as possible in order to include each students desired way of learning without leading students to believe that the way the session is being carried out is purely to make my role easier but is in fact to stimulate and ensure the students themselves are learning in an holistic way but still achieving the overall aim of the session. In conclusion students bring a wide variety of barriers or implementations to the table when it comes to education, the task is to address these barriers to learning and devise a way in which all students regardless of differentiation can enter a programme and be made aware of the curriculum in a productive way that will result in each student participating, learning, adapting and enhance their skills in order to achieve a common goal. As the recently developed Spiral Curriculum has helped ones way of teaching, I am also motivated and encouraged to adapt further curriculum material that will enhance own studentââ¬â¢s way of learning.
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